Combined chemotherapy treatment (methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, CMF— cyclophosphamide) and anti-CSF-1 Fab administration [murinized, polyethylene glycol-linked antigen-binding fragment (Fab) against mouse (host) CSF-1] in mice bearing chemoresistant MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft suppressed tumor development, reduced angiogenesis, downregulated expression of chemoresistance-related genes, and increased the survival rates [156]. Here, CSF1 is linked to breast carcinoma.