TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Moreover, Fan et al. demonstrated that CD68 + TAMs showed the M2 phenotype with a higher TGF-β1 expression which induced the EMT process and promoted the invasiveness of HCC, while administration of TGF-β1-neutralizing antibody attenuated the TGF-β1-induced EMT, invasion, and migration of HCC [101].