Rather than a single gene association, consistent with the high level of cAMP/cGMP cross-modulation observed, we found that genomic alterations (i.e., non-synonymous mutation) of a wide range of PDE genes, including cAMP catabolic genes (PDE4B-C, PDE8B), cGMP catabolic genes (PDE5A, PDE6A-B, PDE6D), or dual cAMP/cGMP catabolic genes (PDE1A-C, PDE3A-B, PDE10A), may sensitize NSCLC cells to PMX. Here, PDE3A is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.