STAT3 and cancer: Canonical pathway analysis (Figure 1B) identified a net inhibitory effect (z-score ≤ −1) on multiple signaling pathways, with the top five most significantly dysregulated cancer-related pathways being activin inhibin signaling (p = 0.002, z = −1.3), cAMP-mediated signaling (p = 0.002, z = −2.5), G protein-coupled receptor signaling (p = 0.003, z = −2.4), the S100 family signaling pathway (p = 0.004, z = −2.7) and the STAT3 pathway (p = 0.008, z = −1.6).