IGFBP7 and acute kidney injury: A strong predictive accuracy was demonstrated by the product [TIMP-2] × [IGFBP-7], with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80–0.98] compared to the AUC of 0.78 for plasma cystatin C. [TIMP-2] × [IGFBP-7] levels have predictive value for mortality (AUC: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53–0.85), suggesting that they have broader prognostic use in AKI caused by sepsis [52].