Notably, the HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele has come under intense scrutiny in population studies given its notable presence in a range of diseases, including acute disseminating encephalomyelitis, ulcerative colitis, MS, Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBV), COVID-19, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and non-infectious respiratory diseases, among others [24,25,26]. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-DRB1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.