PARP1 and ovarian cancer: For instance, in their 2017 study, Kim et al. described that cancer-derived exosomes loaded with CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids targeting the poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase 1 (PARP-1) gene cause significant suppression of PARP-1 expression, leading to apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells and enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin.