Literature analysis provides a fairly good understanding of how RUNX2 is regulated through epigenetic mechanisms; however, it only provides a superficial understanding of whether aberrations in these mechanisms are directly linked to the risk of developing primary osteoporosis, and whether these changes can be identified, particularly in the methylation profile overall and at the individual CpG sites of the RUNX2 gene in individuals with osteoporosis. The gene discussed is RUNX2; the disease is osteoporosis.