As such, PTP1B inhibition in LPS-stimulated microglial cells suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, iNOS and IL-1β via Src-mediated phosphorylation, suggesting the potential of PTP1B as a therapeutic target for neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis (MS) [67]. Here, PTPN1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.