PON1 and Familial prostate cancer: In addition, polymorphisms in the antioxidant SOD2, glutathione S-transferase mu 1 and 3 (GSTM1 and GSTM3), glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1), catalase (CAT), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) genes have been associated with increased susceptibility to prostate cancer or increased risk of progression to metastatic CRPC [243,244].