IL1A and HIV infectious disease: Thus, NLRP3 seems to link HIV infection to co-morbidities such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [26] and neuroinflammation [27], both by inducing CD4 T cell depletion, a predictor of comorbidities [28], and by fueling chronic low-grade inflammation, in particular IL-1 activity, which has been linked to atherosclerotic events in PWH [22] and in the general population [29].