P2X7 receptors are expressed in many types of cells including stem, blood, glial, neural, ocular, bone, dental, exocrine, endothelial, muscle, renal, and skin cells, and the P2X7/NLRP3 pathway plays an essential role in amplifying inflammation via an ATP feedback loop, during which the ATP releases from dying cell, acting as a “danger signal” to further amplify the inflammatory signal by the hyperglycemia insult [130,131]. The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is Hyperglycemia.