Alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1), a cytosolic PRR and a master regulator in inflammation, promoted tubular injury, interstitial inflammation, and renal fibrosis by inducing the IL-1β in DKD mice, and it also served as the upstream of NF-κB phosphorylation initiating the canonical caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway [84]. Here, CASP1 is linked to renal fibrosis.