Microglia activation, associated with morphological, molecular, and functional remodeling in response to brain challenges (e.g., inflammation, protein misfolding, and aggregation, such as Aβ and tau in AD, α-synuclein in PD, and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 in ALS), is considered a primary factor contributing to the onset and progression of neurodegeneration [208,209,210]. Here, MAPT is linked to Alzheimer disease.