MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Several tests used for diagnosing AD clinically include brain imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-based biomarkers like Aβ1–42, p-Tau, and neurogranin-a synaptic protein, as well as blood test-based biomarkers such as proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 [11].