Consequently, there has been great interest in targeted therapies for ccRCC, including therapeutics targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [7], mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, and more recently, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis (e.g., nivolumab) [8,9,10]. Here, VEGFA is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.