In a recent study [93], it was shown that the gastric microbiota in cases of corpus atrophic gastritis, predominantly negative for Hp on histological examination, exhibited higher colonization of Firmicutes, particularly Streptococcus, which were also increased in subjects with severe stages of atrophy/intestinal metaplasia at higher risk of GC according to the OLGA/OLGIM risk stratification systems. Here, HP is linked to gastric cancer.