TNF and breast cancer: Similarly, another clinical study also observed that the expression of various pro-inflammatory factors, such as CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α, was significantly reduced in the elderly after eating defatted BC, and the results of non-targeted metabolomic analysis showed that BC may cause changes in glycerophospholipid metabolism, cysteine, and methionine metabolism pathways, which effectively regulated the immune function and inflammatory status of the elderly.