Research has shown that L. plantarum strains are effective in reducing obesity in mice by activating the PPARα/CPT1α pathway and decreasing the expression of SREBP-1 and tDGAT1 mRNA or by boosting the expression of genes related to bile secretion, such as cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7α1) [20]. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.