In the present study, the results revealed that db/db mice exhibited decreased PGC-1α and NRF2, as well as increased TNF-α gene and protein expression, which is supported by Rius-Pérez’s report that under inflammatory conditions, decreased levels of PGC-1α lead to the downregulation of mitochondrial antioxidant gene expression, resulting in oxidative stress and promoting the activation of nuclear factor kappa B in the context of T2DM [33]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and type 2 diabetes mellitus.