TNF and colon adenocarcinoma: This property of the flavonoid was shown in rats, counteracting the effect of a high-fat diet [50,51], and in human colonic adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells treated with ethanol [52], polybrominated diphenyl ether [53], and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) [54].