However, other chromosomal loci including TM6SF2, SUGP1, PBX4, ZNF101, ZNF512, LOC124904656, HAPLN4, GATAD2A, C2orf16, and TRIB1 that were identified as associated with NAFLD in various NAFLD cohorts were significantly associated with MASLD (Fig. S4). The gene discussed is SPATA31H1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.