CD44 and central nervous system cancer: Also, HSP47 can stimulate glioma stem cell (GSC) stemness survival by upregulating angiogenesis and ECM restructuring genes (CD44, LAMC1m, Col4A2, ITGB1, FN1, and MMP9) for GSC reactivation, migration, and invasion through a TGF-β and CD44 signaling pathway [189].