HP and Nephropathy: In recent years, serumhaptoglobin (Hp), synthesized and secretedinto the blood from the liver for binding free hemoglobin (Hb) toprevent kidney damage caused by released iron, has gained increasinginterest due to its potential as a biomarker for liver diseases.19−23 Hp contains four N-glycosylation sites (N-184, N-207, N-211, N-241),and its N-glycan classes found in haptoglobin include complex, hybrid,and high-mannose structures.