studied exosomes derived from bladder cancer cell line T24; the exosomes blocked the function of NK cells by inhibiting the expression of NKG2D, NKP30, CD226, PRF, and GZMB receptors on NK cells, The miR-221–5p and miR-186–5p in exosomes derived from T24 cells interfere with the stable expression of DNAX-activation protein 10 (DAP10), CD96, and PRF mRNA in NK cells (346). Here, HCST is linked to urinary bladder cancer.