While the indication for HSCT is straightforward in patients with GATA2 deficiency and MDS exhibiting features such as an excess blasts, cytogenetic abnormalities indicating a high risk of progression, such as monosomy 7, or cytopenias accompanied by severe neutropenia and/or transfusion dependency for red blood cells and/or platelets, the decision whether to proceed with HSCT becomes more challenging in the absence of such features. The gene discussed is GATA2; the disease is neutropenia.