NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, SATB1, Bcl2 family proteins, Caspase, PI3K/Akt, mTOR, ERK, p38-MAPK, TGF-β/Smad, and Hippo/YAP pathways increase the sub-G1 phase ratio, suppress mitochondrial membrane potential, induce apoptosis by downregulating Bcl-2 and upregulating Bax, caspase-dependent apoptosis, block S and G2/M phases, upregulate IFIT2 to inhibit tumor stem cells, and inhibit the Nrf2/HIF-1α pathway. The gene discussed is BAX; the disease is neoplasm.