AGT and Hypertension: It has been found that TMAO promotes Ang II-induced vasoconstriction and thereby hypertension, which is associated with the protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/reactive oxygen species (ROS)/Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)/phospholipase Cβ3 (PLCβ3) axis (65).