The protein level of STAT1 and STAT1 phosphorylation were upregulated in TRIM59-deficient BMDMs, subsequently regulating the expression of downstream genes, especially the chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11. These chemokines play a crucial role in macrophage-mediated tumor immunity by facilitating the recruitment of other immune cells within the TME47,48. This evidence concerns the gene STAT1 and neoplasm.