Notably, silencing Dusp18 resulted in a deceleration of xenograft tumor growth (Fig. 5j), accompanied by increased levels of IFN-γ and GzmB expression (Fig. 5k), and a decrease in the percentage of PD-1+, TIM-3+, and CTLA-4+ CD8+ T cells (Supplementary Fig. 7f). This evidence concerns the gene DUSP18 and neoplasm.