PLAUR and neoplasm: This beneficial effect occurs through (i) the suppression of stem cell markers (CD44) [48, 87] and cell adhesion molecules such as uPAR/PAI-1, which plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis [88], (ii) the cell cycle inhibition [89], and (iii) the increase of cell death by apoptosis [70, 73, 74, 90, 91] and the anti-proliferative effect on tumor cells is partly attributed to the promotion of cell differentiation [48].