Following the subsequent calcium phosphate mineralization and loading of granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the final OMV vaccine (OMV-SIRPα@CaP/GM-CSF) targets tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the bone marrow to train the progenitor cells and monocytes for long term immunity. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and neoplasm.