Moreover, dysfunctional and uncontrolled expression of inflammatory cytokines undermines intestinal integrity and contributes to the progression of IBD (40), and intestinal inflammation is regulated by cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-10 (40, –, 42). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.