MIF, a proinflammatory immunomodulator that has broad effects on the inflammatory response and the immune system signals via CXCR2/4/7 and CD74, initiates inflammatory cell recruitment and proinflammatory gene expression.39 Our study shows that MIF might be of great importance in the regulatory processes of local and systemic thromboinflammation during AS. Here, CXCR2 is linked to aortic stenosis.