CD40 and atrial fibrillation: In addition, IVW results showed that genetically predicted increases CD40l receptor levels were negatively associated with AF risk (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.92–0.98; P_adjust = 0.029), and no evidence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity was observed (P_intercept = 0.644; P_mr−presso = 0.539; P_heterogeneity = 0.328).