FNDC5 and coronary atherosclerosis measurement: In the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) VaD mouse model established by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS), FNDC5/irisin levels in the hippocampus of BCAS mice significantly decreased, and overexpression of FNDC5 in the hippocampus or injection of recombinant irisin into the bilateral hippocampus improved the synaptic plasticity and alleviated hippocampus inflammation, thereby reducing cognitive impairment of BCAS mice (42).