PLK3 and parasitic infectious disease: In our study, we documented the importance of 15 genes within the FoxO signaling pathway, including also five genes identified in target fish organs under parasite infection or other stressors by previous studies (see above), specifically plk2, plk3, sgk1, pik3r1a (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha-like) and il6. All the genes identified within the FoxO signaling pathway were downregulated in gynogenetic females of gibel carp but upregulated in sexuals of the same species.