Preclinical studies have demonstrated that therapeutic HPV vaccines, such as adenovirus delivery vectors carrying modified HPV-16 E6 and E7 genes, HPV-16 E7 long peptide with DCs, and the Lm-LLO fused-E6 vaccine (Lm-LLO-E6), significantly promoted tumor regression and survival rate in tumor-bearing mouse models when used with a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor (132–134). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.