In addition to the KIAA0513-Abs employed in the present study, autoantibodies against ATPase, Ca++ transporting, plasma membrane 4, bone morphogenetic protein 1, deoxyhypusine synthase, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-associated protein 1 and additional sex combs-like 2, which are markers of atherosclerosis, were also elevated in the sera of patients with EC (13,14,17,18), indicating that arterial abnormalities can also affect the carcinogenic process. This evidence concerns the gene DHPS and atherosclerosis.