Similarly, Li et al. (30) conjugated protamine sulfate (PS) functionalized NDs with antiangiogenesis drug combretastatin A4 (CA4) to create CA4-NDs@PS NDs, which demonstrated synergistic antitumor activity in liver cancer by simultaneously releasing the CA4 payload and heating the surrounding microenvironment when exposed to NIR laser pulses. This evidence concerns the gene CA4 and liver cancer.