EGFR and cancer: It excels in accurately detecting subtle genetic variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (AlMutawa et al., 2023; Wacharapluesadee et al., 2023), and has demonstrated efficiency in cancer mutation detection (Min et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2019), particularly in identifying epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in lung tissue and cytological samples with high sensitivity and specificity, compared to other methods (Min et al., 2016).