Experimental animal models of Alzheimer’s disease revealed that the production of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via P2X7 purine receptor are essential for induction of neural inflammation (30). Here, TLR4 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.