MAPK8 and Sturge-Weber syndrome: MAP kinase signaling (ERK, p38, JNK) is up-regulated in vascular RASopathies [52], infantile hemangioma [53], capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome (CM-AVM) [54], Parkes-Weber syndrome (PWS) [55–57], Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) [58], HHT [59], and CCM [33].