PPIB and infection: It is upregulated during Lm colonization of eukaryotic cells in a PrfA and σB-independent manner,140 and is required for bacterial survival in plasma, having a role in virulence at early infection stages.141 Rli27 interacts with lmo0514 long 5’-UTR, inducing its translation and modulating the cell wall surface protein levels during intracellular infection.