We have previously shown that activation of YAP, either by treatment with XMU-MP-1, a small molecule inhibitor of Hippo/MST1/2 kinase (33), or by overexpression of a constitutively active YAP (YAP-5SA) (9), inhibited ccRCC cell growth in both 3D cultures and Xenografts (25). This evidence concerns the gene MST1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.