Obesity increases oxidative stress, inflammation, and ER stress via the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c)/FAS signaling pathway (Xue et al., 2005; Zhang and Kaufman, 2008; Han and Kaufman, 2016; Saltiel and Olefsky, 2017; Wang S. et al., 2021). Here, FAS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.