SURF1 and Leigh syndrome: In this sense, iPSCs have been successfully generated from LS patients harboring different mutations in mitochondrially encoded genes such as ATP synthase membrane subunit 6 (MT-ATP6) (Galera-Monge et al., 2016; Grace et al., 2019), and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 3 (MT-ND3) (Hattori et al., 2016), as well as the nuclear-encoded gene surfeit locus protein 1 (SURF1) (Inak et al., 2021).