CASP1 and Arthritis: In rats with arthritis, p-coumaric acid promotes the inactivation of MAPK pathway, inhibits inflammation, cartilage degeneration, and osteoclast formation by downregulating the expression of JNK, p-JNK, and ERK1/2[187]; it can also inhibit the expression of p-p38/pJNK/pERK and p-IKKβ/p-IκB/NF-κB, block caspase-1/MAPK/NF-κB signaling cascade to inhibit the inflammation of activated mast cell and splenocyte[188].Ferulic acid can inhibit NF-κB pathway by reducing the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, thereby preventing endometritis (171).