ANXA2 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: ANXA2 is a calcium‐dependent membrane‐binding protein that plays a crucial role in membrane trafficking and fusion.[20] In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, ANXA2 obstructs autophagic flux mediated by the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.[21] However, we observed no significant change in the fluorescence intensity of ANXA2 when BNIP3 expression was upregulated in NPCs (Figure 6C).