ULK1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In line with these findings, decreased levels of BECN1 as well as other proteins, i.e., the Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase 1 (ULK1), p-ULKs555, ATG5, p62/SQSTM1, and BCL2 Interacting Protein 3 (BNIP3), were reported in liver samples from MASLD subjects compared to controls with healthy liver, which implies the impairment of initiation of autophagy and autophagosome formation [81].