Among the 17 tumor samples with three or more memory CD8+ T cells, epithelial ATP6V0A1 expression correlated positively with epithelial TGFB1 expression (R = 0.47, p = 0.025), and both epithelial ATP6V0A1 (R = −0.54, p = 0.026) and epithelial TGFB1 (R = −0.49, p = 0.046) were inversely correlated with the cytotoxicity of memory CD8+ T cells (evaluated as the mean value of GZMA, PRF1, and KLRG1 expression) (Supplementary Fig. 23H–J). Here, PRF1 is linked to neoplasm.