UBQLN4 and neoplasm: H1299 cells transfected with plvx-NC and plvx-UBQLN4, as well as A549 cells transfected with sh-NC and sh-UBQLN4, were implanted into the left (plvx-NC/sh-NC) and right (plvx-UBQLN4/sh-UBQLN4) inner thighs of nude mice to establish xenograft tumor models for subsequent experiments.